The former socialist
countries' transition to market economies is one of the momentous transformations in
modern history. The pace and degree of success have varied widely, and there is increasing
divergence in performance, structure, and institutions among the transition economies.
These differences are largely determined by country-specific conditions and political
configurations. This book compares the experiences of the countries involved over the
first ten years to determine what has worked and failed, as well as the nature of the
challenges that lie ahead.
After two overviews of the
transition process to date, the book presents eleven specific country cases: the
reunification of East and West Germany; the most successful transition countries, Poland,
Hungary, the Czech Republic, Croatia, and Slovenia; the less successful experience of
countries in the former Soviet Union, namely, Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine; and the
dissimilar developments in two major Balkan countries, Bulgaria and Romania. The final
section summarizes the policy lessons of the different experiences. The contributors, who
include ministers, government officials, academics, and leaders of international monetary
institutions, stress the need for greater emphasis on institutional building and on the
enforcement of contracts.
522 pp.
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