The transition from
socialism to capitalism in former socialist economies is one of the main economic events
of the twentieth century. Not only does it affect the lives of approximately 1.65 billion
people, but it is contributing to a shift in emphasis in economics from standard price and
monetary theory to contracting and its institutional environment. Economic research in
transition shows not only that institutions matter but also how their evolution toward
higher efficiency depends on initial conditions and on sustained political support.
Unlike early policy
literature on transition economics, which focused on the so-called Washington consensus,
this book provides an overview of current research, analyzing issues raised by transition
for which economic theorists and policy makers had no ready answers. It shows how research
on transition contributes to our understanding of capitalism as an economic system and of
the dynamics of large-scale institutional change.
The book is divided into
three parts. The first part looks at how large-scale reforms are decided dynamically
through the political process. The second part looks at the general equilibrium and
macroeconomic effects of liberalization in economies without preexisting markets. The
third part looks at the economic behavior of firms in the transition from state to private
ownership and compares the effects of privatization, restructuring, and financial reform.
Although focused on transition economics, the discussions are relevant to topics in
political economics, development, public economics, corporate finance, and micro- and
macroeconomics.
432 pp.
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